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Current TransformerRatio & Burden Calculator

Convert primary and secondary current, then estimate copper-lead and connected-device burden before comparing the result with the exact CT nameplate and accuracy-class documentation.

Ratio and current
A
A
A
A
Burden estimate
m
mm²
VA

Lead estimate uses a 20 °C copper resistivity of 0.0175 Ω·mm²/m and a two-conductor loop. Temperature, terminals and extra devices add resistance.

Calculated result

CT RATIO

80.00 : 1

EXPECTED SECONDARY

3.000 A

INFERRED PRIMARY

240.00 A

RATED UTILIZATION

60.0%

LEAD LOOP R

0.2800 Ω

LEAD BURDEN

7.00 VA

DEVICE BURDEN

2.00 VA

TOTAL ESTIMATE

9.00 VA

Burden decision: compare 9.00 VA with the rated burden at the required metering/protection class on the exact CT documentation. This calculator does not decide whether the CT saturates during fault current.
ratio = Ip(rated) / Is(rated)
Is = Ip / ratio
lead VA = Is(rated)² × (ρ × 2L / area)

How to use the CT calculator

Enter the rated ratio from the CT nameplate—not the maximum current you happen to expect. A 400:5 CT has a nominal ratio of 80:1, so 240 A primary ideally produces 3 A secondary. The inverse calculation is useful during commissioning: 3 A measured secondary implies 240 A primary before ratio and phase errors.

Burden is the complete secondary load

CT burden includes meters, relays, transducers, terminal resistance and the complete outgoing-and-return conductor path. Because burden power is I²R, a traditional 5 A secondary creates 25 times the cable VA of a 1 A secondary at the same loop resistance. That does not automatically make one selection correct; protection performance, existing standards and device compatibility control the design.

Accuracy and saturation are separate checks

A ratio result alone cannot verify metering class, phase error, protection accuracy, knee-point voltage or transient saturation. Protection CT selection must use fault current, relay requirements, secondary circuit impedance and the applicable study/specification.

Never open a live CT secondary

A CT secondary must not be left open while primary current flows. Dangerous voltage can develop. Use approved shorting/test terminals, procedures, PPE and qualified personnel. Do not treat the calculator as switching authorization.