Modbus RTU for Rockwell Automation
Serial communication protocol using binary encoding over RS-232/RS-485. Most widely used industrial protocol worldwide.
Protocol Overview
Allen-Bradley ControlLogix/CompactLogix use MSG instruction with 'Generic Modbus' type. Micro800 series has native MBT/MBR instructions. Serial modules: 1769-ASCII, 1763-NC01.
When to Use Modbus RTU
Choose Modbus RTU for simple applications, legacy integrations, cost-sensitive projects, or when connecting basic I/O devices over short to medium distances.
Rockwell Automation Hardware Requirements
Compatible Communication Modules
1769-ASCII (CompactLogix, 2 serial ports)1763-NC01 (MicroLogix ASCII)2080-SERIALISOL (Micro800 isolated serial)1761-NET-AIC (Protocol converter)ProSoft MVI56-MCM (3rd party dual Modbus)Wiring Details
1769-ASCII: Terminal 3 (TXD+), 4 (TXD-), 6 (RXD+), 7 (RXD-). Short 3-6 and 4-7 for RS-485 2-wire mode.
Termination
NO built-in termination on 1769-ASCII. External 120Ω resistor required at both bus ends.
Rockwell Automation Software & Programming
Function Blocks & Instructions
MSG instruction (ControlLogix/CompactLogix)MBT - Modbus Transmit (Micro800)MBR - Modbus Receive (Micro800)RSMACC AOI library (3rd party)ProSoft configuration via web interfaceRockwell Automation Code Example
// MSG Configuration // Type: Generic Modbus // Function Code: 03 (Read Holding) // Modbus Address: 1 // Starting Reference: 40001 // Elements: 10 // Data Table: ModbusData[0] // Path: AB_ASCII_1:0
Rockwell Automation-Specific Implementation Notes
MSG instruction is asynchronous - use DN and ER bits for state machine control. Maximum 16 concurrent MSG instructions per controller. Micro800 MBT instruction is much simpler than MSG for basic Modbus operations.
Technical Specifications
Physical Layer
- Physical Layer: RS-232, RS-422, RS-485
- Cable Type: RS-485 twisted pair, RS-232
- Topology: Bus, Star, Tree
- Power Over Cable: No
Data Layer
- Data Link: Master/Slave
- Encoding: Binary (RTU mode)
- Error Detection: CRC-16
- Frame Size: 256 bytes max
Performance
- Scan Time: 10-100ms typical
- Deterministic: Yes
- Real-Time: Yes
Certification
- Certification Required: No
- License Cost: Free (open standard)
- Version: Current
Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
- ✓Simple and easy to implement
- ✓Very low cost
- ✓Excellent industry support
- ✓Reliable in harsh environments
- ✓Minimal hardware requirements
- ✓Open standard
- ✓Wide device compatibility
Disadvantages
- ✗Limited speed (115.2 kbps max)
- ✗No built-in security
- ✗Master/slave only (no peer-to-peer)
- ✗Limited diagnostic capabilities
- ✗No standardized device profiles
- ✗Requires proper termination
Common Use Cases & Applications
Industry Adoption
Supported Message Types
Read CoilsRead Discrete InputsRead Holding RegistersWrite Single CoilWrite Single RegisterWrite Multiple RegistersSupported PLC Brands
Alternative Protocols
Related Standards
- IEC 61131-3
International standard for programmable logic controller programming languages. Defines 5 programmin...
- IEC 61131 Series
Complete series of international standards for programmable logic controllers covering hardware, sof...
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