Modbus RTU for Mitsubishi Electric
Serial communication protocol using binary encoding over RS-232/RS-485. Most widely used industrial protocol worldwide.
Protocol Overview
Mitsubishi FX5U/Q-series have excellent native Modbus RTU support via function blocks in GX Works3. FX5-485-BD board provides RS-485 interface with software-configurable parameters.
When to Use Modbus RTU
Choose Modbus RTU for simple applications, legacy integrations, cost-sensitive projects, or when connecting basic I/O devices over short to medium distances.
Mitsubishi Electric Hardware Requirements
Compatible Communication Modules
FX5-232-BD (RS-232, up to 115200 baud)FX5-485-BD (RS-422/485 multi-point)QJ71C24N (Q-series, 2x RS-232C)QJ71C24N-R2 (Q-series, 2x RS-422/485)FX3U-485ADP-MB (FX3U adapter)Wiring Details
FX5-485-BD: Terminal SDA (Data+), SDB (Data-), SG (Signal Ground). Shielded twisted pair 0.75-1.25mm².
Termination
Built-in switchable 120Ω termination. SW1=ON enables termination, OFF disables. Enable only at bus ends.
Mitsubishi Electric Software & Programming
Function Blocks & Instructions
MODBUS_Master (FX5/Q series)MODBUS_Slave (FX5/Q series)MODRW (FX3 series)FX5_MODBUS_COMMODBUSRTU_MASTERMitsubishi Electric Code Example
MODBUS_Master( Enable := M101, Port := 0, Command := 3, // FC03 Read Holding Station := 1, StartAddr := 0, // 0-indexed NumRegs := 10, DataAddr := D100, Timeout := 1000, => Done := M102, => Error := M103, => ErrCode := D50 );
Mitsubishi Electric-Specific Implementation Notes
0-indexed addressing (Modbus 40001 = D0). GX Works3 has dedicated Modbus configurator GUI. Error code 1004H = no response, 1001H = illegal function. FX5U can handle 4 simultaneous requests per port.
Technical Specifications
Physical Layer
- Physical Layer: RS-232, RS-422, RS-485
- Cable Type: RS-485 twisted pair, RS-232
- Topology: Bus, Star, Tree
- Power Over Cable: No
Data Layer
- Data Link: Master/Slave
- Encoding: Binary (RTU mode)
- Error Detection: CRC-16
- Frame Size: 256 bytes max
Performance
- Scan Time: 10-100ms typical
- Deterministic: Yes
- Real-Time: Yes
Certification
- Certification Required: No
- License Cost: Free (open standard)
- Version: Current
Advantages & Disadvantages
Advantages
- ✓Simple and easy to implement
- ✓Very low cost
- ✓Excellent industry support
- ✓Reliable in harsh environments
- ✓Minimal hardware requirements
- ✓Open standard
- ✓Wide device compatibility
Disadvantages
- ✗Limited speed (115.2 kbps max)
- ✗No built-in security
- ✗Master/slave only (no peer-to-peer)
- ✗Limited diagnostic capabilities
- ✗No standardized device profiles
- ✗Requires proper termination
Common Use Cases & Applications
Industry Adoption
Supported Message Types
Read CoilsRead Discrete InputsRead Holding RegistersWrite Single CoilWrite Single RegisterWrite Multiple RegistersSupported PLC Brands
Alternative Protocols
Related Standards
- IEC 61131-3
International standard for programmable logic controller programming languages. Defines 5 programmin...
- IEC 61131 Series
Complete series of international standards for programmable logic controllers covering hardware, sof...
Related Protocols
- PROFIBUS
Process Field Bus - established fieldbus standard for factory and process automa...
Fieldbus • 9.6 kbps to 12 Mbps - DeviceNet
CAN-based fieldbus protocol for industrial automation. Part of the CIP family wi...
Fieldbus • 125, 250, or 500 kbps - CAN Bus
Controller Area Network - robust vehicle bus standard for microcontrollers and d...
Serial Communication • Up to 1 Mbps (CAN 2.0), 8 Mbps (CAN FD) - Modbus TCP/IP
Ethernet-based variant of Modbus using TCP/IP. Combines simplicity of Modbus wit...
Industrial Ethernet • 10/100/1000 Mbps - ControlNet
Deterministic network protocol for real-time control applications. Part of CIP f...
Fieldbus • 5 Mbps - CC-Link
Control and Communication Link - open fieldbus network by Mitsubishi Electric, d...
Fieldbus • 156 kbps to 10 Mbps (fieldbus), 1 Gbps (IE)