Advanced20 min readUniversal

Schneider Electric Sequential Function Charts (SFC) for Safety Systems

Learn Sequential Function Charts (SFC) programming for Safety Systems using Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert. Includes code examples, best practices, and step-by-step implementation guide for Universal applications.

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Platform
EcoStruxure Machine Expert
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Complexity
Advanced
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Project Duration
4-8 weeks
Implementing Sequential Function Charts (SFC) for Safety Systems using Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert requires adherence to industry standards and proven best practices from Universal. This guide compiles best practices from successful Safety Systems deployments, Schneider Electric programming standards, and Universal requirements to help you deliver professional-grade automation solutions. Schneider Electric's position as High - Strong in food & beverage, water treatment, and building automation means their platforms must meet rigorous industry requirements. Companies like Modicon M580 users in machine guarding and emergency stop systems have established proven patterns for Sequential Function Charts (SFC) implementation that balance functionality, maintainability, and safety. Best practices for Safety Systems encompass multiple dimensions: proper handling of 5 sensor types, safe control of 4 different actuators, managing safety integrity level (sil) compliance, and ensuring compliance with relevant industry standards. The Sequential Function Charts (SFC) approach, when properly implemented, provides perfect for sequential processes and clear visualization of process flow, both critical for advanced projects. This guide presents industry-validated approaches to Schneider Electric Sequential Function Charts (SFC) programming for Safety Systems, covering code organization standards, documentation requirements, testing procedures, and maintenance best practices. You'll learn how leading companies structure their Safety Systems programs, handle error conditions, and ensure long-term reliability in production environments.

Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert for Safety Systems

EcoStruxure Machine Expert (formerly SoMachine) provides Schneider Electric's unified programming environment for Modicon M221, M241, M251, M262, and M580 PLCs. Built on the CODESYS V3 platform, Machine Expert delivers IEC 61131-3 compliant programming with all five languages plus CFC (Continuous Function Chart). The environment supports object-oriented programming extensions including classes, interfaces, methods, and properties for creating sophisticated reusable code libraries....

Platform Strengths for Safety Systems:

  • Excellent energy efficiency features

  • Strong IoT/cloud integration

  • Good balance of price and performance

  • Wide product range


Unique ${brand.software} Features:

  • CODESYS V3-based platform with full IEC 61131-3 language support plus extensions

  • Object-oriented programming with classes, methods, properties, and interfaces

  • Integrated motion control workbench for cam design and multi-axis coordination

  • Machine Expert Twin for digital twin simulation and virtual commissioning


Key Capabilities:

The EcoStruxure Machine Expert environment excels at Safety Systems applications through its excellent energy efficiency features. This is particularly valuable when working with the 5 sensor types typically found in Safety Systems systems, including Safety light curtains, Emergency stop buttons, Safety door switches.

Control Equipment for Safety Systems:

  • Safety PLCs (fail-safe controllers)

  • Safety relays (configurable or fixed)

  • Safety I/O modules with diagnostics

  • Safety network protocols (PROFIsafe, CIP Safety)


Schneider Electric's controller families for Safety Systems include:

  • Modicon M580: Suitable for advanced Safety Systems applications

  • Modicon M340: Suitable for advanced Safety Systems applications

  • Modicon M221: Suitable for advanced Safety Systems applications

  • Modicon M241: Suitable for advanced Safety Systems applications

Hardware Selection Guidance:

Schneider's Modicon portfolio spans compact to high-performance controllers. M221 offers cost-effective control for simple machines. M241/M251 add performance and networking. M262 targets high-performance motion applications with Sercos III. M580 addresses process applications with hot-standby redundancy....

Industry Recognition:

High - Strong in food & beverage, water treatment, and building automation. Schneider M580/M262 controllers serve automotive with production line flexibility and energy management. Vision-guided robotics, energy monitoring via PowerLogic meters, and safety integration via Preventa controllers....

Investment Considerations:

With $$ pricing, Schneider Electric positions itself in the mid-range segment. For Safety Systems projects requiring advanced skill levels and 4-8 weeks development time, the total investment includes hardware, software licensing, training, and ongoing support.

Understanding Sequential Function Charts (SFC) for Safety Systems

Sequential Function Chart (SFC) is a graphical language for programming sequential processes. It models systems as a series of steps connected by transitions, ideal for batch processes and machine sequences.

Execution Model:

Only active steps execute their actions. Transitions define conditions for moving between steps. Multiple steps can be active simultaneously in parallel branches.

Core Advantages for Safety Systems:

  • Perfect for sequential processes: Critical for Safety Systems when handling advanced control logic

  • Clear visualization of process flow: Critical for Safety Systems when handling advanced control logic

  • Easy to understand process steps: Critical for Safety Systems when handling advanced control logic

  • Good for batch operations: Critical for Safety Systems when handling advanced control logic

  • Simplifies complex sequences: Critical for Safety Systems when handling advanced control logic


Why Sequential Function Charts (SFC) Fits Safety Systems:

Safety Systems systems in Universal typically involve:

  • Sensors: Emergency stop buttons (Category 0 or 1 stop), Safety light curtains (Type 2 or Type 4), Safety laser scanners for zone detection

  • Actuators: Safety contactors (mirror contact type), Safe torque off (STO) drives, Safety brake modules

  • Complexity: Advanced with challenges including Achieving required safety level with practical architecture


Programming Fundamentals in Sequential Function Charts (SFC):

Steps:
- initialStep: Double-bordered box - starting point of sequence, active on program start
- normalStep: Single-bordered box - becomes active when preceding transition fires
- actions: Associated code that executes while step is active

Transitions:
- condition: Boolean expression that must be TRUE to advance
- firing: Transition fires when preceding step is active AND condition is TRUE
- priority: In selective branches, transitions are evaluated in defined order

ActionQualifiers:
- N: Non-stored - executes while step is active
- S: Set - sets output TRUE on step entry, remains TRUE
- R: Reset - sets output FALSE on step entry

Best Practices for Sequential Function Charts (SFC):

  • Start with a clear process flow diagram before implementing SFC

  • Use descriptive step names indicating what happens (e.g., Filling, Heating)

  • Keep transition conditions simple - complex logic goes in action code

  • Implement timeout transitions to prevent stuck sequences

  • Always provide a path back to initial step for reset/restart


Common Mistakes to Avoid:

  • Forgetting to include stop/abort transitions for emergency handling

  • Creating deadlocks where no transition can fire

  • Not handling the case where transition conditions never become TRUE

  • Using S (Set) actions without corresponding R (Reset) actions


Typical Applications:

1. Bottle filling: Directly applicable to Safety Systems
2. Assembly sequences: Related control patterns
3. Material handling: Related control patterns
4. Batch mixing: Related control patterns

Understanding these fundamentals prepares you to implement effective Sequential Function Charts (SFC) solutions for Safety Systems using Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert.

Implementing Safety Systems with Sequential Function Charts (SFC)

Safety system control uses safety-rated PLCs and components to protect personnel and equipment from hazardous conditions. These systems implement safety functions per IEC 62443 and ISO 13849 standards with redundancy and diagnostics.

This walkthrough demonstrates practical implementation using Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert and Sequential Function Charts (SFC) programming.

System Requirements:

A typical Safety Systems implementation includes:

Input Devices (Sensors):
1. Emergency stop buttons (Category 0 or 1 stop): Critical for monitoring system state
2. Safety light curtains (Type 2 or Type 4): Critical for monitoring system state
3. Safety laser scanners for zone detection: Critical for monitoring system state
4. Safety interlock switches (tongue, hinged, trapped key): Critical for monitoring system state
5. Safety mats and edges: Critical for monitoring system state

Output Devices (Actuators):
1. Safety contactors (mirror contact type): Primary control output
2. Safe torque off (STO) drives: Supporting control function
3. Safety brake modules: Supporting control function
4. Lock-out valve manifolds: Supporting control function
5. Safety relay outputs: Supporting control function

Control Equipment:

  • Safety PLCs (fail-safe controllers)

  • Safety relays (configurable or fixed)

  • Safety I/O modules with diagnostics

  • Safety network protocols (PROFIsafe, CIP Safety)


Control Strategies for Safety Systems:

1. Primary Control: Safety-rated PLC programming for personnel protection, emergency stops, and safety interlocks per IEC 61508/61511.
2. Safety Interlocks: Preventing Safety integrity level (SIL) compliance
3. Error Recovery: Handling Redundancy requirements

Implementation Steps:

Step 1: Perform hazard analysis and risk assessment

In EcoStruxure Machine Expert, perform hazard analysis and risk assessment.

Step 2: Determine required safety level (SIL/PL) for each function

In EcoStruxure Machine Expert, determine required safety level (sil/pl) for each function.

Step 3: Select certified safety components meeting requirements

In EcoStruxure Machine Expert, select certified safety components meeting requirements.

Step 4: Design safety circuit architecture per category requirements

In EcoStruxure Machine Expert, design safety circuit architecture per category requirements.

Step 5: Implement safety logic in certified safety PLC/relay

In EcoStruxure Machine Expert, implement safety logic in certified safety plc/relay.

Step 6: Add diagnostics and proof test provisions

In EcoStruxure Machine Expert, add diagnostics and proof test provisions.


Schneider Electric Function Design:

Function blocks follow object-oriented principles with Input/Output/InOut parameters, Methods extending functionality, and Properties providing controlled access. Interfaces enable polymorphism.

Common Challenges and Solutions:

1. Achieving required safety level with practical architecture

  • Solution: Sequential Function Charts (SFC) addresses this through Perfect for sequential processes.


2. Managing nuisance trips while maintaining safety

  • Solution: Sequential Function Charts (SFC) addresses this through Clear visualization of process flow.


3. Integrating safety with production efficiency

  • Solution: Sequential Function Charts (SFC) addresses this through Easy to understand process steps.


4. Documenting compliance with multiple standards

  • Solution: Sequential Function Charts (SFC) addresses this through Good for batch operations.


Safety Considerations:

  • Use only certified safety components and PLCs

  • Implement dual-channel monitoring per category requirements

  • Add diagnostic coverage to detect latent faults

  • Design for fail-safe operation (de-energize to trip)

  • Provide regular proof testing of safety functions


Performance Metrics:

  • Scan Time: Optimize for 5 inputs and 4 outputs

  • Memory Usage: Efficient data structures for Modicon M580 capabilities

  • Response Time: Meeting Universal requirements for Safety Systems

Schneider Electric Diagnostic Tools:

Online monitoring overlay showing live values,Watch window tracking variables with expressions,Breakpoints pausing execution for inspection,Trace recording variable changes over time,Device diagnostics showing module status

Schneider Electric's EcoStruxure Machine Expert provides tools for performance monitoring and optimization, essential for achieving the 4-8 weeks development timeline while maintaining code quality.

Schneider Electric Sequential Function Charts (SFC) Example for Safety Systems

Complete working example demonstrating Sequential Function Charts (SFC) implementation for Safety Systems using Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert. Follows Schneider Electric naming conventions. Tested on Modicon M580 hardware.

// Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert - Safety Systems Control
// Sequential Function Charts (SFC) Implementation for Universal
// Schneider recommends Hungarian-style prefixes: g_ for global

// ============================================
// Variable Declarations
// ============================================
VAR
    bEnable : BOOL := FALSE;
    bEmergencyStop : BOOL := FALSE;
    rSafetylightcurtains : REAL;
    rSafetyrelays : REAL;
END_VAR

// ============================================
// Input Conditioning - Emergency stop buttons (Category 0 or 1 stop)
// ============================================
// Standard input processing
IF rSafetylightcurtains > 0.0 THEN
    bEnable := TRUE;
END_IF;

// ============================================
// Safety Interlock - Use only certified safety components and PLCs
// ============================================
IF bEmergencyStop THEN
    rSafetyrelays := 0.0;
    bEnable := FALSE;
END_IF;

// ============================================
// Main Safety Systems Control Logic
// ============================================
IF bEnable AND NOT bEmergencyStop THEN
    // Safety system control uses safety-rated PLCs and components 
    rSafetyrelays := rSafetylightcurtains * 1.0;

    // Process monitoring
    // Add specific control logic here
ELSE
    rSafetyrelays := 0.0;
END_IF;

Code Explanation:

  • 1.Sequential Function Charts (SFC) structure optimized for Safety Systems in Universal applications
  • 2.Input conditioning handles Emergency stop buttons (Category 0 or 1 stop) signals
  • 3.Safety interlock ensures Use only certified safety components and PLCs always takes priority
  • 4.Main control implements Safety system control uses safety-rated
  • 5.Code runs every scan cycle on Modicon M580 (typically 5-20ms)

Best Practices

  • Follow Schneider Electric naming conventions: Schneider recommends Hungarian-style prefixes: g_ for globals, i_ and q_ for FB
  • Schneider Electric function design: Function blocks follow object-oriented principles with Input/Output/InOut parame
  • Data organization: Structured data uses GVLs grouping related globals and DUTs defining custom type
  • Sequential Function Charts (SFC): Start with a clear process flow diagram before implementing SFC
  • Sequential Function Charts (SFC): Use descriptive step names indicating what happens (e.g., Filling, Heating)
  • Sequential Function Charts (SFC): Keep transition conditions simple - complex logic goes in action code
  • Safety Systems: Keep safety logic simple and auditable
  • Safety Systems: Use certified function blocks from safety PLC vendor
  • Safety Systems: Implement cross-monitoring between channels
  • Debug with EcoStruxure Machine Expert: Use structured logging with severity levels
  • Safety: Use only certified safety components and PLCs
  • Use EcoStruxure Machine Expert simulation tools to test Safety Systems logic before deployment

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

  • Sequential Function Charts (SFC): Forgetting to include stop/abort transitions for emergency handling
  • Sequential Function Charts (SFC): Creating deadlocks where no transition can fire
  • Sequential Function Charts (SFC): Not handling the case where transition conditions never become TRUE
  • Schneider Electric common error: Exception 'AccessViolation': Null pointer dereference
  • Safety Systems: Achieving required safety level with practical architecture
  • Safety Systems: Managing nuisance trips while maintaining safety
  • Neglecting to validate Emergency stop buttons (Category 0 or 1 stop) leads to control errors
  • Insufficient comments make Sequential Function Charts (SFC) programs unmaintainable over time

Related Certifications

🏆EcoStruxure Certified Expert
Mastering Sequential Function Charts (SFC) for Safety Systems applications using Schneider Electric EcoStruxure Machine Expert requires understanding both the platform's capabilities and the specific demands of Universal. This guide has provided comprehensive coverage of implementation strategies, working code examples, best practices, and common pitfalls to help you succeed with advanced Safety Systems projects. Schneider Electric's 12% market share and high - strong in food & beverage, water treatment, and building automation demonstrate the platform's capability for demanding applications. The platform excels in Universal applications where Safety Systems reliability is critical. By following the practices outlined in this guide—from proper program structure and Sequential Function Charts (SFC) best practices to Schneider Electric-specific optimizations—you can deliver reliable Safety Systems systems that meet Universal requirements. **Next Steps for Professional Development:** 1. **Certification**: Pursue EcoStruxure Certified Expert to validate your Schneider Electric expertise 3. **Hands-on Practice**: Build Safety Systems projects using Modicon M580 hardware 4. **Stay Current**: Follow EcoStruxure Machine Expert updates and new Sequential Function Charts (SFC) features **Sequential Function Charts (SFC) Foundation:** Sequential Function Chart (SFC) is a graphical language for programming sequential processes. It models systems as a series of steps connected by tran... The 4-8 weeks typical timeline for Safety Systems projects will decrease as you gain experience with these patterns and techniques. Remember: Keep safety logic simple and auditable For further learning, explore related topics including Assembly sequences, Emergency stop systems, and Schneider Electric platform-specific features for Safety Systems optimization.